1. Anticipating
Stress: Be Ready For It!
By anticipating stress, you can prepare for it and work out
how to control it when it happens. You can do this in a number of ways:
Rehearsal:
This is a useful strategy for any upcoming event that you
are worried about. This might be a job interview or a certain social situation
where you won’t know anybody. Go over the event in your mind and rehearse
things to say or do that will prepare you for the event.
Problem-solving:
By analyzing any problems you are faced with, you can come
up with some possible solutions.
Avoidance:
If a situation is likely to be unpleasant, and will not
result in any benefit, it may be one you can just avoid. You should be certain,
though, that you are not running away from problems or making things worse by
avoiding something that you really should deal with.
2. Relaxation:
Deal With Stress in a Different Way!
Through relaxation, you can calm your body and mind and
decrease your response to stress. There are different ways in which you can
engage in relaxation.
Taking time out:
Engage in calming activities that you enjoy – take a long
slow walk, listen to music, or take a warm bath. Find activities that are quiet
and calming that you enjoy, and set time aside to engage in them regularly.
Allowing yourself time to unwind can be very helpful in reducing stress.
Imagery:
Use your imagination to recreate a place or scene that is
very relaxing. For example, if you imagine yourself lying on a beach, you may
“see” the sea and sand around you, “hear” the waves crashing against rocks,
“smell” the salt in the air, and “feel” the warmth of the sun and a gentle
breeze on your body. Other scenarios might include enjoying a mountain view, swimming
in a tropical pool, or whatever works best for you. Use the imagined place as a
retreat from stress.
Progressive muscle relaxation:
This physical technique relaxes your body when muscles are
tense. Tense up a group of muscles so they are as tightly contracted as
possible, and hold them in that state for a few seconds. Then, relax the muscles
to their previous state. Finally, try and relax them again as much as you can.
You can apply this technique to any or all of the muscle groups in your body.
Experiment first with your hand and then try it with other parts of the body.
3. Rational Thinking:
Think Positively!
Negative thinking causes stress because it damages your
confidence. You are thinking negatively when you put yourself down, criticize
yourself for errors, doubt your abilities or expect failure. The following two
steps can help you control negative thinking.
Thought awareness:
Observe your thoughts for a time, perhaps when under stress,
and become aware of what is going through your head. It is best not to suppress
any thoughts – just let them run their course while you observe them and watch
for negative thoughts.
Common negative thoughts include worries about how you
appear to other people, self-criticism and feelings of inadequacy. Make a note
of any negative thoughts you encounter. Thought awareness is the first step in
the process of eliminating negative thoughts – you cannot challenge any
negative thoughts that you are not aware of.
Rational thinking:
Once you are aware of your negative thoughts, write them
down and review them. See whether or not the thoughts have any basis in
reality. Often you find that when you properly challenge negative thoughts,
they are obviously wrong – they simply persist because they go unchallenged.
With rational thinking, you look at the basis of these
negative thoughts, and challenge them rationally. Where the thoughts are
obviously wrong, you can eliminate them. Where the thoughts may be fair, you
can work on the underlying problem to eliminate them.
4. Reducing Daily
Hassles: Get Organized!
We all experience frustrations on a regular basis. Things
such as misplacing one’s keys or glasses, being stuck in a long line-up at the
grocery store, and missing the bus may seem relatively minor. However, these
types of daily hassles can add up to create a good deal of stress. Many of these
daily hassles can be easily avoided or managed through the use of two simple
strategies.
Time management:
Analyze how you currently spend your time and revise this so
that the use of your time is more effective. For example:
• If you always go to the store at 5 p.m. when it is most crowded,
consider going at a different time of day to avoid long waits in line.
• If you often miss the bus on your way to school, consider setting
an alarm to go off at the time you must leave the house to ensure you catch the
bus on time.
In planning how you will spend your time, it is important to
use a daily schedule to help remind you of the things you are to do at specific
times.
Increased organization:
A cluttered environment and frequently misplacing things can
increase stress. You can help reduce your stress simply by reducing clutter and
developing a system for storing or placing important items (e.g., a hook for a
key by the front door, using a filing system for school notes, etc.).
5. Reducing
Responsibilities: Re-think Your Workload!
It is important to recognize when stress gets to be too
much, and when the other stress management strategies are not helping to
eliminate your feelings of stress. When this happens, it is time to consider
reducing your responsibilities and obligations in order to reduce your stress
level. These could be responsibilities such as:
• Volunteering
• Work or school
• Organized social activities
• Household duties
It can be difficult to reduce your responsibilities, but
sometimes it is necessary to reduce your stress levels. Here are some steps
that may help guide you.
List all responsibilities:
Make a list of all the different things that you are
currently doing and are responsible for.
Evaluate your responsibilities:
For each of the responsibilities on your list, consider how
stressful you find each one and what the consequences would be for no longer
engaging in them.
Decide which responsibilities to reduce:
Your decision should be based on your evaluation.
Develop and carry out a plan for reducing these responsibilities:
This might involve informing others of your decision or asking someone
else to help out.
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